|
Restore-Digest Sunday, May 12
2002 Volume 2002 : Number 093
Chat
with Michael Krawitz Sunday!
Playboy: Pot Clubs Under Attack OR: Where There's Smoke CA: NORML Conference 2002 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Sat, 11 May 2002 21:26:30 -0700 Subject:Chat with Michael Krawitz Sunday! Up TOC From: Richard Lake <rlake@mapinc.org> Michael Krawitz will be our special guest in the DrugSense Chat Room, Sunday, May 12, 2002 8 pm EDT, 5 pm Pacific time. http://www.mapinc.org/chat/ Mike is the founder of The Cannabis Museum, http://www.cannabismuseum.org - Listmaster/Moderator and Chair, Marijuana Legalization Committee, Virginians Against Drug Violence, http://www.drugsense.org/DPFVA - Advisor to Patient's Out of Time, http://www.medicalcannabis.com and a Regional Leader for the The November Coalition http://www.november.org Two articles were recently published about the museum, 'The Louvre Of Pot' http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v02/n773/a07.html and 'Collection Celebrates Cannabis' http://www.mapinc.org/drugnews/v02/n804/a14.html The articles were a result of newspaper interviews at the NORML conference where parts of the museum were on display. A few pictures taken at the conference of the displays are currently at these links: http://www.mapinc.org/temp/DCP_0017.JPG http://www.mapinc.org/temp/DCP_0019.JPG http://www.mapinc.org/temp/museum1.jpg http://www.mapinc.org/temp/museum2.jpg ** web: http://www.crrh.org/ ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 11 May 2002 21:29:59 -0700 Subject:Playboy: Pot Clubs Under Attack Up TOC Pot Clubs Under Attack - Playboy Pubdate: Sat, 01 Jun 2002 Source: Playboy Magazine (US) Section: Forum Author: Dean Kuipers POT CLUBS UNDER ATTACK Why Raid Pot Clubs Now By midafternoon on Thursday, October 25, 10 people had gathered in a storefront in West Hollywood to bake pot brownies and fill 400 sandwich bags with weed. If all went according to plan, about two pounds of marijuana would be distributed the next morning to members of the Los Angeles Cannabis Resource Co-op, just as the group had been doing three times every week for the past five years. Founded in 1996, the LACRC had grown to include 960 members who relied on marijuana for medical purposes, including relief from the nausea associated with AIDS and cancer treatments. Pot keeps meds down and appetites up. It relieves the pain and spasticity of multiple sclerosis. It reduces intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. It's easy to grow and less expensive than pharmaceuticals. One of the side effects is a pleasant buzz - - - a similar effect to what one might feel on codeine or other pain relievers. The center had operated with immunity because of Proposition 215. Passed in 1996 by California voters, it allowed doctors to recommend and seriously ill residents to use ( and grow ) medical marijuana. The federal government took a different view. Drugs not prescribed by a physician are illegal and therefore a threat akin to terrorists. That's one conclusion that can be drawn from what occurred at the LACRC six weeks after September 11, with the World Trade Center still smoldering and the country on edge because of an anthrax scare. Around 5 P.M., an officer from the Drug Enforcement Administration rang the bell at the co-op. Behind him stood 29 other agents, most armed with pistols. Their unmarked sedans clogged the street. Anyone passing by the nondescript building on Santa Monica Boulevard might have assumed a drug kingpin lived inside. When he heard the bell, Scott Imler, the center's 43-year-old director, looked up at the security monitor in his office. He noticed a crowd. Then he spotted the letters DEA on the back of a jacket. He raced to the front door, but it was too late. The security guard, a volunteer with AIDS who had been assigned to check ID cards and prescriptions, forgot to look at his own monitor before opening the door. Who else would it be but a patient or volunteer? Two agents pinned him against a wall as the others swarmed into the building, their guns bolstered. They herded everyone into the lounge, including Imler, who uses cannabis to control his epileptic seizures and cluster headaches. One agent asked him for his keys to the building while others raised the delivery door and backed two rental trucks into position. As Imler and the others waited, the agents searched the offices. According to its warrant, the government suspected the LACRC of three federal crimes: manufacture of marijuana for sale, maintaining a drug house and money laundering. In the basement, agents chopped up the center's 400 plants and loaded the debris into rental trucks. They also carried out 56 grow lights and an array of power tools. Timers used to regulate the water intake of the plants couldn't be removed from the walls, so the agents smashed them. They removed the processing units from five computers used to track patients and carted away 60 boxes of dispensary chits - the records of every pot prescription the center had ever filled. When a cabinet filled with medical records proved too heavy to move, the agents dumped its contents haphazardly into more boxes. Shortly after the raid began, the LACRC's attorney, John Duran ( who also serves on the West Hollywood city council ), arrived. Agents claimed the center was a "federal crime scene" and that Duran would have to wait outside. He asked if he could phone his clients. He was told no. He waited for nearly six hours. At 11 PM, the agents piled into their cars, started the trucks and left en masse. They had with them almost the entire contents of the LACRC'S offices, excluding furniture. They made no arrests. The next morning, more than 150 people showed up at the center to fill their prescriptions. Either by design or accident, the feds had overlooked a six-ounce bag of pot in the dispensary. That was just enough for everyone present to get a one-gram dose, and then the LACRC was out of business. Scott Imler had anticipated the raid long before the agents arrived. At one time, the movement to legalize medical marijuana had been gaining momenturn. Besides California, eight states ( Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Maine, Nevada, Oregon and Washington ) allow patients to smoke weed under controlled circumstances. Voters in Washington, D.C. also approved a referendum, though Congress squashed it. But last year the U.S. Supreme Court decided that states could not legalize marijuana for any purpose, regardless of what voters thought. The court ruled that the federal Controlled Substances Act, which makes marijuana the legal equivalent of heroin and cocaine, trumps any local measure. So much for states' rights. The ruling coincided with the arrival of Bush appointees John Ashcroft as attorney general and Asa Hutchinson as director of the DEA. Both men support the drug war without exception. Federal agents had been harassing other pot clubs before September 11, but the attacks forced them to suspend their campaign -- for two weeks. On September 28, DEA agents took thousands of records from a medical research center in El Dorado County. The California Medical Association denounced the raid, saying it threatened the confidential physician-patient relationship. It wondered why federal agents were "tossing doctor's offices" in a time of national crisis. On that same day, agents raided the LACRC's gardens in Ventura County, removing 342 plants and cultivation equipment. So on October 25, Imler was more saddened than surprised to see the DEA at his door. The agency admits it targeted the LACRC because the center had generated too much publicity, which flew in the face of the official line that marijuana use has to be stamped out. "In light of the Supreme Court ruling, it became incumbent upon us to establish federal law with regard to this cannabis buyers club, which was basically being flaunted," said a DEA spokesman. In fact, the LACRC is a model of civic responsibility and of the American way of revolutionary change. Imler, a former high school teacher, tested the waters in 1992 by pushing an ordinance in Santa Cruz County that legalized medical marijuana there. Over the next four years, he worked to get the issue on the state ballot. Before the LACRC opened its doors to patients, Imler and his board met with the Los Angeles County sheriff and the West Hollywood City Council to coordinate how it would be integrated with the legal and health care systems. Everyone seemed content with the arrangement - except the White House. To prevent anyone from abusing the system, the club created ID cards for patients who could produce valid doctors' prescriptions. Since the raid, Imler has spent most of his time reconstructing the LACRC'S records. He also takes regular calls from local deputies attempting to confirm that a person found with pot is a member of the club. Captain Lynda Castro, who oversees the West Hollywood office of the LA Sheriff's Department, condemned the DEA raid and defends the way her office monitors the club. She relates an anecdote about a co-op member whose neighbor turned him in for growing a potted marijuana plant on his stoop. Her officers impounded the weed. But once they had received certification from the LACRC ( including a copy of the prescription ), a deputy gave the man and his plant a ride home. Had the Justice Department been involved, the man might still be in jail. Federal authorities have been mired in paranoia since Richard Nixon launched the drug war in 1971. Even the General Accounting Office, the investigative arm of Congress generally viewed as an independent watchdog, appears to be entrenched. Last summer an official from the GAO told Imler that his agency had been directed by Congress ( specifically, the Government Reform Subcommittee on Criminal justice Drug Policy and Human Resources ) to review medical marijuana facilities. Paul Jones, director of the GAO team, says its main interest was how the club makes sure pot goes to prescribed users. When the four investigators arrived, however, Imler says they seemed interested only in examining the basement grow room and in learning more about the club's Ventura County gardens. An hour after they left, a judge signed a warrant authorizing a raid on the Ventura gardens, which took place the following day. Jones says there is no connection between the events: "We don't show our information until the report is done, and then only to the requester in Congress." The GAO's report is expected in August. Imler says the LACRC has not grown or distributed marijuana since the October raid. Patients must grow their own or find a dealer. With its stubborn and senseless marijuana policy, the White House has provided a stimulus package for the illegal drug trade. Following the raid, a grand jury reviewed the two truckloads of material seized from the LACRC. As of presstime, there's been no word about its conclusions. Pot clubs in the Bay Area hid their medical records in anticipation of more raids. San Francisco officials declared the city a sanctuary for medical marijuana, and the district attorney made it clear his office and other city agencies would not be assisting in any raids. These measures, however, could not protect the clubs. On February 12, hours before DEA director Hutchinson gave a speech at the Commonwealth Club in San Francisco in which he claimed "science has told us so far there is no medical benefit to smoking marijuana" ( a disingenuous claim given that the government refuses to allow researchers access to marijuana so they can test the drug's effectiveness ), his agents raided the Sixth Street Harm Reduction Center along with several of its alleged suppliers, including one in British Columbia. The agency arrested four people, including the center's executive director, and seized 8300 plants. Just as in Los Angeles, agents ransacked the center, which fills prescriptions for about 200 patients each day, and loaded a rental truck with plants and other evidence. The center was able to locate other sources of marijuana and reopened within hours. Protestors, including four city supervisors, later disrupted Hutchinson's speech, yelling "liar," blowing kazoos outside and chanting "Go away, DEA." Tom Ammiano, president of the board of supervisors, stood before the crowd and called the Drug Enforcement Administration "obnoxious" and "grandstanding," adding, "I don't want somebody in my house who isn't invited." In Washington, D.C. that same day, Attorney General Ashcroft issued the federal government's latest warning that another attack on the U.S. could be imminent. The government then distributed the names and photographs of 15 suspects. The DEA acknowledges that "there are other events going on in the world that are of a crisis nature" but says "the citizens of the United States expect us to continue to do our job." Otherwise, of course, the terrorists win. ** web: http://www.crrh.org/ ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 12 May 2002 10:18:41 -0700 Subject:OR: Where There's Smoke Up TOC Newshawk: The Hemp & Cannabis Foundation www.thc-foundation.org Pubdate: Sun, 12 May 2002 Source: Oregonian, The (OR) Copyright: 2002 The Oregonian Contact: letters@news.oregonian.com Website: http://www.oregonlive.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/324 Author: Geoffrey Arnold Where there's smoke . . . The investigation of Trail Blazers guard Damon Stoudamire in connection with a pound of marijuana police say they found in his home calls attention, once again, to a subject the NBA and its players would just as soon forget: marijuana use in the league. Despite efforts to downplay the issue, it continues to surface. Whether in failed drug tests, marijuana possession charges, or police officers finding a pound of marijuana while checking a security alarm at a player's house, the combination of marijuana and the NBA has been around for a long time and doesn't appear to be going away any time soon. And some say the league is not doing all it can to acknowledge the problem and curtail the risks. "The NBA is not even concerned with marijuana use; it's not part of their substance control," said Dr. Linn Goldberg, head of Oregon Health & Science University's division of health promotion and sports medicine. "The policy is more image-related. "If athletes are caught with drugs, it tarnishes their sport," said Goldberg, a professor of medicine who has studied the subject of drugs and sports for 15 years. "It's not that they're concerned about the athletes' health. I don't think they're concerned about that at all." The league and the players union deny that marijuana is an issue of any magnitude, saying results of the most recent leaguewide drug tests show marijuana use among players is low. However, several reports, as well as candid comments by current and former players over the years, suggest use is rampant and the league -- conscious of its image -- is loath to do anything about it. A 1997 New York Times report quoted unnamed players who estimated that 60 percent to 70 percent of NBA players smoked marijuana. Richard Dumas, who was banned from the league for drug and alcohol abuse in 1993 (and later reinstated), said in 1997 that the league ignores marijuana use. If the NBA tested players for marijuana, he said, "There would be no league." Said Dumas: "Weed is something guys grow up doing, and there's no reason for them to stop. Because almost everyone does it, no one wants to test for it. They're afraid to." Charles Oakley, a 17-year veteran forward who is with the Chicago Bulls, said last year he estimates that 60 percent of the players use marijuana. "You have guys playing high every night," Oakley said. Even Stoudamire once said marijuana use was a problem. "As far as use, it's bad in the league, but I think that half of America might smoke marijuana, whether you want to believe that or not," Stoudamire told the New York Times in 1997. According to a league source, the NBA probably will take some type of punitive action if Stoudamire is convicted or agrees to a plea bargain. "He's likely to face some type of discipline," the source said. "It depends on the circumstances, but once you're convicted or accept a plea bargain, you're susceptible to discipline from the league." The league and the players union, the National Basketball Players Association, disparaged the New York Times report and vehemently denied that marijuana use is anywhere near 60 percent in the NBA. However, the league stiffened its drug policy in the latest collective bargaining agreement of 1999, calling for expanded drug testing that included marijuana. Yet critics call its marijuana testing nothing more than a public relations move. Through a spokesman, NBA deputy commissioner Russ Granik refused to comment for this article, citing the labor agreement's confidentiality for the anti-drug program. The league's anti-drug policy is geared toward helping players, one team executive said. "The league's policy is pretty stringent, but it does try to assist players who come forward wanting help," Indiana Pacers president Donnie Walsh said. "I don't think the percentage of players who use (marijuana) is any greater - -- and it might be less -- than the percentage in the general public." Addressing a perception of widespread abuse, the league implemented its first anti-drug policy in 1984. The original program called for testing to focus on cocaine and heroin, considered the drugs of choice in the league during the 1970s and 1980s. Initially, the program was hailed for its toughness. It didn't include marijuana testing because of resistance from the players union. Even though the NBA banned players such as Dumas, Mitchell Wiggins, Lewis Lloyd and Micheal Ray Richardson for cocaine use, critics complained that without testing for marijuana, the league didn't address the real problem. In much the same way some alcoholics are outwardly "functional," marijuana users can be difficult to identify in a professional setting. Unless the result of their drug use is obvious -- such as attending games or practices visibly stoned -- identifying a marijuana user can be next to impossible. "Some abusers can hide it well. It has to be pretty blatant, where the player is exhibiting compulsive and habitual behavior," Goldberg said. "Then the drug is affecting the individual's ability to perform." But the league and the players union were forced to strengthen the anti-drug policy after arrests involving marijuana and big-name players in 1997 and 1998. Philadelphia's Allen Iverson pleaded no contest to a concealed weapon charge, and a marijuana possession charge was dropped in 1997. Marcus Camby, then with Toronto, avoided a marijuana possession charge by agreeing to do community service in 1997. The same year, Isaiah Rider -- then with the Trail Blazers --was convicted of a non-criminal a possession charge. In 1998, Washington's Chris Webber, now with Sacramento, was arrested and charged with marijuana possession (and found not guilty) after police discovered a marijuana cigarette in the vehicle he was driving. Those incidents, along with the conclusions in the 1997 Times article, prompted the league and the players union to revisit the issue of testing for marijuana during the protracted labor negotiations in 1998. The six-month negotiations, which resulted in a 204-day lockout and delayed the start of the season, produced a new anti-drug policy that increased the substances players could be tested for -- marijuana, amphetamines, LSD and steroids. The new program also called for routine testing of all players at least once a year. The players union, which had resisted attempts to allow marijuana testing, finally gave in. "We did what we had to do to help enhance the image of our players," Billy Hunter, executive director of the players association, told the New York Times in 1999. "The appearance was that many of them engaged in the use of marijuana. The NBA had been pleading or crying for an expanded drug program for years, so we took the high road and acquiesced." To counter the perception of widespread drug use, NBA commissioner David Stern pointed to the results of leaguewide testing during training camp in October 1999. The results showed that 12 of 430 active players tested positive for marijuana. "We're pleased with our drug policy so far," Granik said at the time. The league has briefly suspended players who were convicted of drug crimes or negotiated a plea bargain to a lesser offense, including Iverson for one game and Rider for two games in 1997. It also has suspended players who failed to adhere to the anti-drug aftercare program. Blazers forward Shawn Kemp, who entered drug rehabilitation in April 2001 and missed the rest of the season, was suspended for an aftercare program violation and missed five games this season. Critics say the leaguewide results didn't reflect the true number of marijuana users because the union notified its players by letter during the summer that they would be tested. "If at any time this past summer, you or a player you know has smoked marijuana, used cocaine, heroin or other hard drugs, or taken steroids, you must read this," the letter began. Because marijuana residue is stored in the body's fat cells, it can be detected up to a month after smoking. The union's early-warning system gave users plenty of time to stop smoking and allow the drug to be flushed out of their system. There also are products that claim to help detoxify the body and dilute urine. So, with warning, how did 12 players fail the tests? "Either they're really stupid or they don't care," Goldberg said. Critics of the new policy cite the lack of testing throughout the season. Anyone other than a first-year player is subject to random testing no more than once each season, usually during training camp. Rookies can be tested once during training camp and up to three times during the regular season. Critics say all players should be subject to random testing throughout the season. Player advocates counter: How far should testing go? Should they be tested every day? Once a week? Where do you draw the line? They say random testing throughout the season is intrusive and an invasion of privacy, the same arguments used by the general public. And the league's policy isn't much different from that of many corporations - -- testing new employees but not longtime employees unless there is suspicion of drug use or distribution. The league can test players if it has "reasonable cause" to suspect use or distribution. That means if team officials suspect a player is using drugs, they can appeal to an arbitrator to determine if a player must undergo a drug test. If the player tests positive, he will face four random tests during the next six weeks. But what's reasonable cause? Behavior such as unexcused absences from games and practices, tardiness to team functions or rapid weight loss could be viewed as suspicious. Los Angeles Lakers center Shaquille O'Neal was fined after missing an extra day to spend time with his newborn on one occasion and fined for skipping a practice on another this season. Should those incidents be considered erratic behavior? Rider displayed erratic behavior for much of his nine seasons in the league. During his three-year stay with the Blazers, he was fined $500 after being convicted of a non-criminal violation for possessing less than an ounce of marijuana in May 1997. In part as a result of that, the league suspended him for the first two games of the 1997-98 season. And three years later, after Atlanta Hawks general manager Pete Babcock informed officials of possible drug use, the league suspended Rider again. "They'll look you right in the eye every time and deny (drug use)," said Bill Fitch, the Rockets' coach when Lloyd and Wiggins were dismissed from the league in 1987. Stardom like O'Neal's could pose another problem. If a player as important as he displayed erratic behavior and the team knew he was using illegal drugs -- no evidence exists to suggest this in O'Neal's case -- would team officials report him to the league? What about Minnesota's Kevin Garnett? Or Orlando's Tracy McGrady? How about Toronto's Vince Carter? Would a team be willing to run the risk of embarrassing its star player and subject him to the constant scrutiny of the anti-drug program? "The drug program is a very private policy matter between the league and the (players association)," Walsh said. "We don't really know how it's taken care of except through the (collective bargaining agreement). It's dealt with through the players." Players have been reluctant to voluntarily enter the anti-drug program because of confidentiality concerns. Even though the results of the 1999 drug tests were supposed to remain secret, someone within the league informed the media about the results and who failed the tests. Some players could lose millions of endorsement dollars if word got out that they entered the program. The new agreement calls for banning players who test positive for cocaine, heroin, amphetamines or LSD, but not for marijuana. Although offenders could face escalating fines and suspensions, they will never be kicked out of the league for marijuana use, no matter how many times they test positive. Lamar Odom remains in the NBA despite having been suspended twice in eight months. The Los Angeles Clippers forward said his decision to smoke marijuana before playing in the NBA led to his eventual suspension. "I chose to experiment with marijuana, that's why I'm here," he said in November. "I'll be receiving counseling, not rehab." Because marijuana is a more socially accepted drug, it carries far less stigma than so-called "hard" drugs such as cocaine and heroin. That's why the 22-year-old Odom emphasized the term "counseling" not rehabilitation. Rehabilitation suggests physical dependency -- addiction -- associated with crack cocaine, alcohol, heroin and amphetamines. A strong advocacy movement claims that marijuana is relatively benign to the body. Many members of the medical profession dispute that view. They contend that continued marijuana use can result in memory loss, reduced testosterone levels and decreased learning ability. "There isn't such a thing as a harmless drug," Goldberg said. He added that marijuana also could affect coordination and motor skills. The NBA does offer mandatory classes to help rookies adjust to life in the league, on and off the court, including finances and drug abuse. Such opportunities also are available to the veterans. However, it is hard to measure their effectiveness. "They should evaluate their classes. Do they do an assessment to see if the classes are preventing drug use?" Goldberg said. "Ask them what they learned. Ask them how resistant they are. If they don't, then what good is the class?" Is the league, not wanting to rock a successful boat, knowingly looking the other way? "You don't need a prevention program if you don't believe you have a problem," Goldberg said. "They shouldn't stick their heads in the sand and say they don't have a problem." Or is the prevalence of marijuana use an overblown issue, reflecting a hypocritical public once again coming down on a league filled with young, rich, predominantly African American athletes? "I really don't know," Walsh said. "We're not privy to all the details, so I can't really answer that question." With strict rules regarding confidentiality, threats of lawsuits and dismissal hanging over the subject, the league and its players don't talk much about it. "Nobody will touch that one with a 10-foot pole," said one league source. You can reach Geoffrey C. Arnold at 503-221-8556 or at geoffrey-arnold@news.oregonian.com ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 12 May 2002 10:21:06 -0700 Subject:CA: NORML Conference 2002 Up TOC Newshawk: The gateway to email lists http://www.drugsense.org/lists/ Pubdate: Sat, 11 May 2002 Webpage: http://www.hightimes.com/News/2002_05/norml.html Source: High Times (US) Copyright: 2002 Trans-High Corporation Contact: letters@hightimes.com Website: http://www.hightimes.com/ Details: http://www.mapinc.org/media/191 Author: Daniel Forbes, ddanforbes@aol.com Note: Daniel Forbes writes on social policy from New York. Note: MAP posted as an exception to our web source item policies. Also: All of the cited and related links are at the end of this item. NORML CONFERENCE 2002 They ran out of beer early at the jammed, raucous, spit-and-baling-wire emergency party that closed this April's National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws annual conference in San Francisco. Thirsty guests found thirstful ways to compensate for the suds, and if you ignored the computers and filing cabinets, it was easy to forget you were violating fire codes at an ad hoc shindig at a hotshot law office. The wife and I decamped around midnight, not content with the five cases of water trucked in to replenish the sweat the crowd had been shaking on each other jitterbugging to a 40-piece (stationary) marching band. We landed in a little North Beach boite. At one point, my New Yorker was aghast to see a purse all by its lonesome on the floor by the jukebox. Voicing her alarm, she was told don't be silly, woman-this is San Francisco. NORML convened this year in America's most tolerant city, its chief prosecutor an acknowledged inhaler, he told HIGH TIMES. During breaks in the demanding schedule (presentations started well before 9 AM. and ran 'til evening), at times 40 or more smokers spilled from the hotel's side entrance out on to the busy, tourist-trap sidewalk. And not a one, patient or head a like, peered timorously over his shoulder. There were masses of billowing, very public smoke, with tourists and their kids-who as a class, are generally coddled by authorities-gaping from passing trolley cars. Still, police action, even short of arrest, was somehow unthinkable in San Francisco, and not just because the record 560 participants (up from 400 last year in DC) were spending aplenty. And yet, a specter gripped the gathering despite the easy-going gloss lent by geography and numbers. No wraith, it was a federal fist that has struck often to smash, grab and incarcerate. Candidate Bush's empty promise in 1999 that medical use is a states' issue ("I believe each state can choose that decision as they so choose.") and his administration's avowed federalism have proved equally hollow. Launching proceedings, NORML Board chair Steve Dillon admitted, "I love America, but I fear my government I'm ashamed to say." Former big-time police chief Joseph McNamara, now with the Hoover Institute, warned of the faux drug/terrorism nexus: "Don't underestimate that. When they mix in patriotism with the war on drugs, almost anything can happen." The specter grew on the second day as grim news filtered out from federal district court where Judge Charles R. Breyer pondered the fate of the Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative (OCBC). Wayne Justmann, director of the SF Patients Cooperative, told HT a negative ruling from Breyer is a "done deal," with cease and desist injunctions served on the 50 clubs that operate openly in California the likely consequence. The frayed DEA leash soon to be further loosened, the local medical marijuana dispensary honchos grinned through their fears, their gallows' humor growing thin. The numerous patients in attendance, including often the honchos themselves, were just plain frightened. The HIV-positive Justmann, who suffers from neuropathy's nerve damage and pain, will be forced to turn to debilitating opiates without his normal medicine. Whatever the Feds do, his "pretty continual pain" isn't going away. Said Debby Goldsberry, director of both Cannabis Action Network and the Berkeley Patients Group, "I don't want to say we're in crisis, but boy do we need help." She added, "But we're not so scared we can't organize." Patient or not, people who to some degree have been running scared all their lives are getting awfully sick of it. As Politically Incorrect's Bill Maher complained, "We still have to crawl in the alleyway like criminals, and those are the lucky ones who aren't in prison." Fear falls on all combatants in this grim, decades-old culture war of attrition, no end in sight. Said Michael Aldrich of CHAMP, "Once marijuana is introduced into a culture, it's never eradicated." California state senator John Vasconcellos noted that the Feds are supporting research for administering medicine in pill or aerosol form-"so there's no joint, which is symbolic of freedom in the 1960s." He declared that free expression and emotional openness and sexuality all "threaten people with no sense of themselves. They challenge the hierarchy." Knowing it well themselves, fear is a prime component of the zealots' arsenal, be they bonafide true believers or motivated by money, jobs or the joy of sheer jack-boot power. You see it in their scared, rabbity eyes, clutching at composure on TV, certainly not least in the figurehead-in-chief struggling to recite his assigned shibboleths. Concern for medical marijuana's short-term future was the gathering's palpable undercurrent. That concern mixed with frustration over its often unworkable present. As John Sajo, head of Oregon's Voter Power, said flat-out that medical marijuana had failed in his state. Then, of course, there's still the majority of the country where medical cannabis enjoys no legal protection. But, to cite two of many examples, as Maher's cutting speech and local attorney Tony Serra's erudite theatrics indicated, defiance also cascaded round the hall-and laughter. Noel Coward said it well in Private Lives: "All the futile moralists who try to make life unbearable. Laugh at them.... Laugh at everything, all their sacred shibboleths." The Washington, DC-based NORML crew flew west on the wings of their recent PR coup at New York Mayor Mike Bloomberg's expense. Last summer, Bloomberg the candidate-striving to be a regular Joe despite his billions-had cracked to a reporter asking about using pot: "You bet I did, and I enjoyed it." No temporizing, no blaming youthful "experimentation," just a flat-out, past-tense embrace. The press had a field day, and big posters of the mayor graced the conference stage. But NORML maintained that Bloomberg outed himself, its Executive Director Keith Stroup, declaring, "We weren't playing 'gotcha' with the Mayor." As Drug Policy Alliance Director Ethan Nadelmann observed, "If we had a billion dollars to spend on advertising, we wouldn't need to embarrass a potential ally." Though it's a mite tough to tell how much of substance is heard over the tittering at the mayor's expense, NORML is hoping for its money's worth of political debate on the 52,000 marijuana arrests a year in New York under the Giuliani administration. For his part, freighted now with the hypocritical weight of office, Bloomberg said after the NORML ad hit that such levels of enforcement will continue. Justifiably a bit gleeful at all the salutary attention, Stroup said the fact that Bloomberg "could concede the obvious, that he enjoyed it-it's fun!-is new territory for a politician." In fact, this as of now $500,000 ad campaign voiced one of the conference's main themes. If it won't cost you a job, or your kids, and you got the guts, then stand up on your hind feet and tell the world: Damn straight you inhale, and you know why? Because pot can make music and food and sex and maybe even sitting and picking at your toes just a bit better. Plus it helps you cope with being the only animal that knows it's going to die. Confronting the naked power unleashed by all levels of government, attendees conjured ways to beckon the public under their tent. Noting that everything in America is about marketing and image, Maher applauded the Bloomberg ad as a "fantastic start" in winning the hearts and minds of the American people. A late November Zogby poll was much cited. It found that-post 9/11-only a third of voters nationwide support "arresting and jailing nonviolent marijuana smokers," while three-fifths oppose doing so. And two-thirds of the public oppose "the use of federal law enforcement agencies to close patient cooperatives" that operate legally under state law; only one in four voters support it. Patient advocate Dr. Tod Mikuriya (who estimated his legal fees have averaged $25,000 annually in recent years) calls it "toxic federalism." One manifestation is the expected federal court ruling on medical marijuana's Achilles' heel: distribution. NORML board chairman Steve Dillon pointed out that DEA chief Asa Hutchinson, confidentially flying blind in the face of reams of evidence, recently declared that cannabis offers no medical benefit. On Day Two, 4/19, federal judge Charles Breyer of the Northern District of California, heard arguments in the Justice Department's attack on the Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative. The case sent back to Breyer by the Supreme Court for a ruling on OCBC's distribution rights, many observers agreed that his questions seemed to pave the way for granting an injunction against OCBC and other California clubs. Though Breyer seemed uninterested, OCBC argues that the federal government can't ban intrastate medical use in California, plus that three of the first 10 Amendments provide for patients' due process rights and that "sovereignty in this matter is specifically accorded to individuals and the states," according to California NORML. Jeff Jones, OCBC's director and fellow defendant, told HT that whatever Breyer rules, appeals will probably tie up the case for the balance of the Bush Administration. A negative ruling, Jones figured, does afford the DEA "a blank check to roll out against the California clubs." There's little to stop them, Jones said, since "Ashcroft and Hutchinson are not afraid of the media." But they are afraid of what Jones, a "young Republican," indicates about the future. Injunctions, of course, invariably lead to law enforcement intervention to justify all that cool cop gear, all those neat health-care-and-pensions-jobs. And the public can rest easier with cancer patients prevented from keeping their food down. Dale Gieringer, Director of California NORML, told the conference that most patients either can't grow their own medicine or are afraid to. And while 20-25,000 patients in California are supplied by the clubs, of the 51 identified patient groups in California, only half provide any marijuana. The clubs do provide a model of distribution that works-no selling to minors, no selling on the street. The public sees they're like any other business, which authority figures like Hutchinson find so disturbing, he said. "The clubs are an important step in the socialization of drug use, and that's what they're afraid of," Gieringer added. "We're in a real showdown, the final battle in the war on drugs, an epic battle involving the courts, Congress and the presidential election." Pointing to the nationwide fierce struggle over control of the House of Representatives, Wayne Justmann, director of the SF Patients Cooperative, told HT, "Do they want to roll the dice in an election year with the House up for grabs?" Despite a political cost he intends to help extract, as mentioned, he believes cease-and-desist injunctions will be served on the 50 clubs that operate openly in California. Should Breyer rule negatively, Justmann declared that any jurisdictions that have issued ID cards have also assumed the obligation to set up grows and dispensaries. "We're going to have to challenge the City and County of San Francisco to respond. We appreciate the moral support from politicians on the steps of City Hall, but where will patients go to get cannabis? Prop. 215 says the state must set up programs. If you can get a card from the health department, you need a site to get your medicine." Gieringer assumes that anywhere from a half-dozen to as many as 35 California clubs and their caregivers will be served with an injunction or even raided within a week to a month after Breyer's ruling. To that end, he said the DEA has been focusing on tracing clones going in and out of the clubs. "It's about the manufacturing," he said. Law enforcement has also been tailing people home from the clubs, Gieringer charged. "There have been multiple, credible reports of people being tailed as far as fifty miles to their homes," he said. He also knows of at least two unpublicized arrests of "smallish patient grows." Prominent SF attorney Bill Panzer believes the Feds have obtained evidence against all the Bay Area clubs, in many cases infiltrating them with tales of migraine headaches. Panzer thinks the government will raid six-10 of the largest clubs and the others will close voluntarily. Another observer anticipates around ten raids. Robert Raich, who represents OCBC, knows of one raid where he believes agents followed a patient home from a club and hauled off the princely amount of one plant and one ounce of medicine. Jones, who at age 14 watched his cancer and chemo-stricken father waste away to 100 pounds before dying, assumes that a "cold-hearted" government will eventually drive patients to protest in the streets. Reform philanthropist John Gilmore told HT that thousands of patients will be forced to act, "So new clubs will occur, but not necessarily with the same people." DEA actions occur without cooperation from one of the reform movement's main bulwarks, radical former defense attorney and current mayoral candidate and San Francisco District Attorney Terence Hallinan. From a long line of radicals, and arrested sixteen times for political protest as a law student during the 1960s, in a half-hour opening address, Hallinan said "my background is wrapped up in marijuana." He traced that back to 1966, "an exciting, dangerous time" when possession of "one seed" was a felony that sent thousands to prison. He told war stories of what he termed the "greatest defense bar" in the country, one that wouldn't tolerate repression or unfairness. Hallinan himself helped the ex-manager of the Kingston Trio escape a bust for 600 pounds of pot with the claim that it was essential to his religious beliefs. As the prosecutor said, "That's a lot of religion." But the defense brought in Tommy Smothers and Alan Watts, among others, to discuss mysticism. (Watts' son, Richard Watts, executive director of the Sixth Street Harm Reduction Center, was one of four medicine providers arrested in February.) And the judge took it from the jury and administered "a slap on the wrist." As Hallinan said, "I knew marijuana was not the simple drug its opponents depicted it as, that it was many things to many people." He added, "There is no question in my mind that for some people marijuana is an essential part of their religious experience." Hallinan spoke of his work, while still a city Supervisor, with Dennis Peron back in 1991 to craft a deal with the chief of police and Mayor Frank Jordan to ensure that "if it was clearly a medical situation, the police officer could turn his back and walk away." He got a huge ovation telling of going to Sonoma County to testify for Ken Hayes, "a wonderful marijuana activist," who was being prosecuted for 880 plants. Hallinan testified that Hayes was a "legitimate care giver in San Francisco, supplying those with AIDS and cancer and the dying." It took a mere six hours for the jury to acquit. With Hallinan backing his opponent, the Sonoma County DA was defeated last November. Another keynote speaker was introduced by Keith Stroup as "our drug czar." Drug Policy Alliance director Ethan Nadelmann was a bit more subdued than I've previously seen him. The ratiocination was present as usual, but he seemed miffed to now be confronting the "banality" of the troika of Ashcroft, Hutchinson and Drug Czar John Walters, who he termed "William Bennett's Mini-Me". Citing candidate Bush's campaign promise on states' rights, Nadelmann declared that Bush "doesn't seem to know what he's saying." The reform movement seized on Bush's promise, and we all know what's happened since. "They throw a few million dollars at treatment, but then pile on the interdiction," Nadelmann complained, declaring Walters most comfortable with treatment occurring within a prison or church setting. Noting that marijuana is the drug warriors' "great bugbear," Nadelmann cited the public's wide approval for medical pot and pointed to the political hay to be made when "the Birchers of the drug war" go to "the stupidest place imaginable." As to the government's "insidious" linking of drugs and terrorism, Nadelmann quipped: "Bin Laden was into marijuana-I didn't catch that." He wondered about tee shirts reading: "Support the war on terrorism-Grow your own." The nation's 10 or 20 million convictions for petty drug offenses, Nadelmann said, are manifestation of the "totalitarian, dark side of America." At the street level, a big part of enforcement is sheer bureaucratic gaming. He reported that a high-level New York cop told him, it's all about meeting his quota, and "the easiest busts are marijuana arrests." That's one reason New York's marijuana arrests leaped to 52,000 a year (up from 2,000) when Giuliani started massaging statistics at the precinct level. Showing high arrest figures, the police source told Nadelmann, serves to cover his butt when something goes wrong. And something always goes wrong. Meanwhile, a recent Daily News poll indicated that New Yorkers are more concerned with car alarms and other noise; marijuana didn't even make the Top 10 list of concerns. The Drug Policy Alliance will soon be opening an office in New Jersey, whose drug policy, Nadelmann said, is akin to civil rights-era Mississippi on race. With the nation's highest proportion of new inmates incarcerated for drugs, plus its status as the only state without access to clean, legal syringes despite its third-highest pediatric AIDS rate, it's ripe for attention. And while marijuana is a pivotal issue, he said it moves on a "parallel track" with sentencing reform and other attempts to ameliorate prohibition's "New Jim Crowism." Exhortations to come out of the closet aside, attendees, especially high school students, were warned they might be ripped from it involuntarily thanks in part to the Supreme Court. Kevin Zeese of Common Sense for Drug Policy said that drug testing is the next big battleground, especially for kids. The federal government's repression of patients notwithstanding, he believes the drug reform movement, long back on its heels, is on the offensive for the first time in years. This momentum is grounded, said Zeeze, "in the integrity of our bodies and the right to control our consciousness." Yet the recently signed federal education bill provides funds for school drug testing. Given the hostile nature of the Supreme Court's questioning (including comments on "druggie schools") of the ACLU's Graham Boyd arguing a school drug-test case before it, Zeese expects the court to uphold testing for students participating in all extracurricular activities-even the nerds in the Chemistry Club who face no athletic danger and are role models for nobody. Zeese wasn't the first speaker to note the absurdity here: after-school activities are a prime way of keeping kids from taking drugs. But it meshes with the clever trend since the late 1970s of going after the individuals with the least rights: prisoners, military personnel and now students. He noted that in the mid-'80s, the Supreme Court upheld the "special needs" test for federal workers in safety-sensitive positions, voiding the Fourth Amendment's probable cause requirement. Zeese said private sector testing is plateauing and actually now declining, not least because new hires in sophisticated fields might take up to two years to add to the bottom line. Government-in part to prop up what Dr. John Morgan of the CUNY Medical School and NORML Foundation chairman terms a $2.5 billion a year industry-seems more than willing to pick up the slack. The Supreme Court is poised to buffalo the nation with a strategy of, in effect, declaring adolescence itself a "special needs" situation. Zeese figured that "kids coming up will have been trained to urinate on demand; some sheep will acquiesce " But he also hoped that "other kids will do urine drops in the hallways." There's a move afoot in some states to test teenagers before they get their first driver's license. The ground broken with this weak link prepares the way for testing anyone renewing his or her license. Indicating that two-tiered testing is essential for accuracy, but that it's not required in the private sector, Dr. Morgan cited some 30,000 tests performed daily for that $2.5 billion a year. Nadelmann admitted the movement has yet to conjure the "natural defense" against the slippery slope of drug testing, a slope the "Supreme Court is greasing up and down the line." Noting that Bush's deputy solicitor general has advocated testing every child in America, he admitted the lack of a "short-term, tangible, nuts and bolts response." And Nadelmann bemoaned "the tens of thousands of jobs victimized-a huge number." Tongue presumably in cheek, Norm Kent told HT that Office Depot, which proudly proclaims it tests its employees, should move to testing its customers instead and refusing to take money from anyone who fails. Others advocated that everyone everywhere turn in a dirty test all the time. Common Sense for a Drug Policy's research director Doug McVay told HT it's "humiliating and embarrassing, pissing on demand. It doesn't stop anything, it's symbolic." The juggernaut of testing will produce a radical backlash he predicted, adding, "The drug warriors are helping us build the reform movement." The bottom line is workers kept ever fearful for their jobs are less willing to risk calling a pee test down on their heads by asking for more money or messing with a union. Cultivation specialist Ed Rosenthal gave a brief, moving speech. Arrested in February, Rosenthal faces federal charges for cultivating more than 100 plants, which carry a sentence of five to 40 years. Though he "didn't volunteer" for his role, the issues are clear, he maintained. Possessed of the technical expertise to help patients, he just couldn't commit the "sin of omission-where you knew you could and should help, and yet you didn't." After decrying what he termed the deaths of scores of people killed by cops enforcing marijuana laws, Rosenthal advised his listeners to follow the money. "They felonize and terrorize marijuana users, and then they live off that." He observed, "There's no popular anti-marijuana movement-it's all being paid for." As to his upcoming trial, he said his co-defendants are being pressured to turn state's evidence. About his case, he said, "There are no extenuating circumstances, no guns, no money laundering, indeed no money, no other drugs." Rosenthal remains confident, given the 60-80 percent support locally for medical marijuana. He asserted, "I look forward to being with you this time next year to tell you how we won this case." It's a case he figures will cost well over $500,000. The conference's highlight was a speech by Politically Incorrect's Bill Maher on 4/20. Stroup introduced him as "a one-man life-line to Todd McCormick." After an ovation, a droll and polished Maher said, "You're very kind, and very stoned." He, on the other hand, was very serious. He observed that "the problem with this drug is complacency. It's not too hard to get, it's too easy." An ineffective government lulls smokers into complacency despite the hundreds of thousands of arrests. And then he launched into a small, controlled tirade about McCormick's imprisonment. He celebrated, then rejected the pot community's tolerance and understanding, calling for anger and intolerance. Sick and tired of hiding, he said, "How about zero tolerance for the ridiculous notion that sobriety is the time-tested route to mind expansion?" Maher then reminded us that fighting prohibition is not akin to fighting terrorism: "You can't win just by putting a flag on your car." He took hope from the fact that if George Bush during the campaign could convince voters he was a reformer and a Washington outsider, then the public can be convinced of anything. Voter Power's John Sajo was less than pleased with raising no money in San Francisco to help pass an amendment that would "expand and clarify" Oregon's 1998 medical marijuana bill. Sajo told HT that the movement's big funders and "hired gunslinger" political consultants have made it clear they've moved on from medical marijuana ballot measures. This despite the fact that implementation of Prop 215 in California, he told me, is little more than a "box of rough rocks." In his speech to the conference, he said the law in Oregon plain doesn't work. Sure it was great to win an election, but there's been four years of suffering since. With doctors so unwilling to sign patients' applications, most patients can't meet Oregon's qualifying requirements-only 2000 have done so. What's more, sick and dying people are expected to grow their own medicine. Finally, even qualified patients are still getting arrested and convicted due to snafus in applying the law. So Oregonians are trying to qualify for the ballot and then pass a second initiative that will create state Department of Health dispensaries for registered patients, which is favored by four-fifths of Oregon's voters. These will distribute free medicine to the indigent; boost the currently small amounts patients can grow and possess; allow caregivers to be compensated; and lower the patient's application fee. Figuring the time to pass the hat is when people are fired up by the presentations and in a check-writing mood, Sajo decried the fact that fund-raising for his fix-it amendment wasn't on NORML's agenda. Believing he needs to raise between $50,000 and $150,000 more than he has to both qualify for and win the election, Sajo is currently limping along raising some $25,000 a month. In response, Stroup told HT that lots of attendees are already stretched thin by the hotel and travel costs of attending the conference. Feeling that overt fund-raising might lessen the level of discourse-and pointing out that NORML loses around $25 per attendee-Stroup said, "I wouldn't want people to get the impression we're here to make money off them." Following the event, the voterpower.org site noted that its "requests for funding went unmet" at the pre-conference NORML board meeting. Citing its modest projected war chest, Voter Power complained that "much of the NORML board meeting involved mutual congratulations" for the Bloomberg ad. The site opined that the ad will serve to embarrass and antagonize Bloomberg, and that NORML hasn't articulated how the ads will help it achieve its goals, its follow-up efforts or how activists can build on them. A panel examining Richard Nixon's "marihuana" commission, the now 30-year-old Shafer report, afforded a sad historical perspective. Entitled, "Marihuana, A Signal of Misunderstanding," the report called for decriminalization of personal use amounts. And, said former NORML director Gordon Brownwell, that was back in the era when a single joint might lead to a life sentence in Texas and up to ten years in California. The commission was mandated by Congress in the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, charged with advising lawmakers on how to schedule pot for enforcement. Formed a year later, it delivered its report in early 1972 much to Nixon's disgust though he had appointed most of the members The commission's decrim conclusion was particularly tough on Nixon given that its Executive Director, Michael R. Sonnenreich, had, as a senior attorney with the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (the DEA's predecessor), played a key role writing the 1970 Act. Still the law of the land, it ruled marijuana a Schedule I drug along with LSD and heroin. A source close to Sonnenreich told HT that, pending medical study and evaluation, Sonnenreich assumed pot would drop from Schedule I and probably even Schedule II upon proof of its medical utility. A catalyst for the damning Schedule I designation, he assumed his contingent handiwork would be rectified by Congress once the doctors weighed in. Though numerous medical authorities have endorsed pot's medical utility, one of the Act's fathers has not spoken out publicly to denounce a law built on a now eviscerated foundation. And we're all shocked to learn that there's gambling in Casablanca. Oddly enough, declassified Oval Office tapes of Nixon and former Pennsylvania governor Raymond Shafer's conversation quote Nixon as saying, "To take somebody that's smoked some of this stuff, put him into a jail with a bunch of hardened criminals ... that's absurd." Shafer agreed and Nixon added, "There must be different ways than jail." Truth from power aside, marijuana arrests rose from 292,000 in 1972 to 735,000 in 2000, according to the FBI. Nixon also told Shafer he wanted "a report that is totally oblivious to some obvious differences between marijuana and other drugs, other dangerous drugs, there are differences." More Nixonian truth: "It doesn't make a damn bit of difference what we say about drugs, if people want them, they think it's all proper, they're going to use them, they're going to find ways to get it." A last Nixonian gem: "A person does not drink to get drunk.... A person drinks to have fun." Whereas with pot, Nixon opined, "You want to get a charge, and float, and this and that and the other thing." Personally, I wish staunch marijuana opponent Nixon had offered more insight on "the other thing," but unfortunately the transcript indicates: "34-second portion withdrawn as personal." A couple of historical footnotes: Raymond Shafer was denied a promised federal judgeship for helping to produce an honest report. And Michael Aldrich entertained listeners with the tale of Allen Ginsberg-cleaned up and unrecognizable in a pork pie hat-joining him in his testimony before the commission. Finally, why in the world did they hold the party at Tony Serra's law firm? Studio Z, the nightclub NORML, Cannabis Action Network and HIGH TIMES had rented out for a multi-room party starting with several bands that afternoon was just too compromised. There'd been a shooting at the club the week before and an Ecstasy bust the night before. When Studio Z told CAN's Debby Goldsberry that a raid by the state liquor license authorities was likely-leading to trouble since smoking of any sort is forbidden in California bars, she decided to pull the plug. She told HT that patients needed to medicate at a 12-hour event. She didn't blame the club, saying they we're victimized too since the authorities "just don't want to see people dance." Though CAN desperately needs the money, some 800 of its ticket buyers, at $22 a pop, were turned away. That afternoon, Stroup had told me no way in hell he was letting the government keep NORML from celebrating the conference. Afterwards, he said about impromptu party at Serra's office, "Although it was far too crowded, it was a wonderfully weird San Francisco party." He thanked Goldsberry for pulling it off on only a couple of hours notice "under extremely difficult circumstances." Personally, I hate to think of the mayhem that would have ensued if it'd been hundreds of boozers crammed into that office for hours on end. - ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Cited: National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws http://www.norml.org/ Oakland Cannabis Buyers' Cooperative http://www.rxcbc.org/ Cannabis Action Network http://www.cannabisaction.net/ Voter Power http://www.voterpower.org/ Drug Policy Alliance http://www.drugpolicy.org/ Common Sense for Drug Policy http://www.csdp.org/ http://www.drugwarfacts.org/ http://www.narcoterror.org/ ACLU http://www.aclu.org/issues/drugpolicy/hmdrugpolicy.html - ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Related: Conference Reports, Pictures, and Video files NORML Conference Report: Ready to Take It to a Higher Level http://drcnet.org/wol/234.html#normlconference NORML Conference Highlights http://www.drugsense.org/dsw/2002/ds02.n248.html#sec5 NORML's photos of the conference http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=5254 Conference photos taken by MAPsters http://www.drugsense.org/pix/norml2002/ NORML's video files of the conference http://www.norml.org/index.cfm?Group_ID=5282 [Note: If we have missed any conference photos or audio/video files on the web please send a note to rlake@mapinc.org ] __________________________________________________________________________ Distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes. - --- MAP posted-by: Richard Lake ** web: http://www.crrh.org/ ------------------------------ End of Restore-Digest V2002 #93 ******************************* Restore Hemp News Today Visit our sister site crrh.org
Donations to THC-Foundation are tax deductible on your federal income tax, since we have been approved as a 501(c)(3) by the IRS for over 2 years. This means that your donations to THCF will lower the amount of taxable income you must pay federal taxes on, lowering your tax bill. If you can volunteer or help in any way, please let
us know. Thank you for coming! ©2002 THC Foundation Last updated:
Wednesday, November 20, 2002
|
